PAST TENSE

   Hai, ketemu lagi nih. Hari ini aku bakal ngebahas tentang Past Tense. Sumber-sumber materinya kali ini aku ambil dari kamus aja. hehe.

      Sorry ya kalo pembahasannya agak kurang n ngebosanin. Ntar lain kali bakal aku perbaharuin lagi.  

   A.    PAST TENSE (WAKTU LAMPAU)

 
1. Simple Past Tense (Lampau Sederhana)
Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan perbuatan atau kegiatan yang telah terjadi.
RUMUS:
a. S + to be (was/were) + ...
b. S + Verb 3 + ...

A. Kalimat Nominal
Contoh:
(+) : I was late yesterday.
(-) : I was not late yesterday.
(?) : Was I late yesterday?
(-?) : Wasn't I late yesterday?

(+) : Fariz and Anton were here.
(-) : Fariz and Anton were not here
(?) : Were Fariz and Anton here?
(-?) : Weren't Fariz and Anton here?

(+) : Wulan was sick last night.
(-) : Wulan was not sick last night.
(?) : Was Wulan sick last night?
(-?) : Wasn't Wulan sick last night?

(+) : They were at home yesterday.
(-) : They were not at home yesterday.
(?) : Were they at home yesterday?
(-?) : Weren't they at home yesterday?

(+) : We were students last years.
(-) : We were not students last years.
(?) : Were we students last years?
(-?) : Weren't we students last years?

B. Contoh Kalimat Verbal
Contoh:

    (+) : He ate bananas.
(-) : He didn't eat bananas.
(?) : Did he eat bananas?
(-?) : Didn't he eat bananas?

(+) : They waited for me.
(-) : They didn't wait for me.
(?) : Did they wait for me?
(-?) : Didn't they wait for me?

(+) : I drank milk yesterday.
(-) : I didn't drink milk yesterday.
(?) : Did I drink milk yesterday?
(-?) : Didn't I drink milk yesterday?

(+) : Alven watched TV last night.
(-) : Alven didn't watch TV last night.
(?) : Did Alven watch TV last night?
(-?) : Didn't Alven watch TV last night?

(+) : Ella went to Manado last week.
(-) : Ella didn't go to Manado last week.
(?) : Did Ella go to Manado last week?
(-?) : Didn't Ella go to Manado last week?

Catatan:
Keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan adalah
- Yesterday : kemaren
- The day before yesterday : kemarin lusa
- Last : yang lalu
- Ago : yang lalu

       
              ‎2. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE (WAKTU SEDANG BERLANGSUNG LAMPAU)
Tense ini digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian atau pekerjaan yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau.
RUMUS:
S + to be (was/were) + Verb ing

 
Contoh:
(+) : I was studying when you phoned.
(-) : I wasn't studying when you phoned.
(?) : Was I studying when you phoned?
(-?) : Wasn't I studying when you phoned?

(+) : They were sleeping when someone entered.
(-) : They weren't sleeping when someone entered.
(?) : Were they sleeping when someone entered?
(-?) : Weren't they sleeping when someone entered?

(+) : Rizma was writing a letter when I came.
(-) : Rizma wasn't writing a letter when I came.
(?) : Was Rizma writing a letter when I came?
(-?) : Wasn't Rizma writing a letter when I came?

(+) : Apri was eating while Ica was sleeping.
(-) : Apri wasn't eating while Ica was sleeping.
(?) : Was Apri eating while Ica was sleeping?
(-?) : Wasn't Apri eating while Ica was sleeping?

(+) : We were going to PALMA while Ika was going to school.
(-) : We weren't going to PALMA while Ika was going to school.
(?) : Were we going to PALMA while Ika was going to school?
(-?) : Weren't we going to PALMA while Ika was going to school?

Catatan:
Keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan adalah:
- When : ketika
- While : ketika

 

‎3. PAST PERFECT TENSE (WAKTU SEMPURNA LAMPAU)
Tense ini berfungsi untuk menjelaskan kejadian yang telah selesai dilakukan di waktu lampau, atau menjelaskan suatu peristiwa yang lebih dulu terjadi dari 2 kejadian yang dibicarakan.
RUMUS:
A. S + had + been + . . .
B. S + had + Verb 3 + . . .

CONTOH:
(+) : I had been here when you arrived.
(-) : I had not been here when you arrived.
(?) : Had I been here when you arrived?
(-?) : Hadn't I been here when you arrived?

(+) : Indah had been at home before I came.
(-) : Indah had not been at home before I came.
(?) : Had Indah been at home before I came?
(-?) : Hadn't Indah been at home before I came?

(+) : After the teacher had written the lesson, the students copied it.
(-) : After the teacher hadn't written the lesson, the students copied it.
(?) : Had after the teacher written the lesson, the students copied it?
(-?) : Hadn't after the teacher written the lesson, the students copied it?

(+) : We had studied English when our friend came here.
(-) : We hadn't studied English when our friend came here.
(?) : Had we studied English when our friend came here?
(-?) : Hadn't we studied English when our friend came here?

(+) : They had gone before I arrived.
(-) : They hadn't gone before I arrived.
(?) : Had they gone before I arrived?
(-?) : Hadn't they gone before I arrived?

‎4. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE (WAKTU BERLANGSUNG SEMPURNA LAMPAU)
Untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang sudah dimulai pada waktu lampau dan masih berlangsung pada waktu lampau juga.
RUMUS:
S + had + been + Verb ing + . . .

 
CONTOH:
(+) : Ika had been living in Jepang for five months when I came yesterday.
(-) : Ika hadn't been living in Jepang for five months when I came yesterday.
(?) : Had Ika been living in Jepang for five months when I came yesterday?
(-?) : Hadn't Ika been living in Jepang for five months when I came yesterday?

(+) : I had been sleeping when he watched TV.
(-) : I hadn't been sleeping when he watched TV.
(?) : Had I been sleeping when he watched TV?
(-?) : Hadn't I been sleeping when he watched TV?

(+) : May had been helping me when they went to school.
(-) : May hadn't been helping me when they went to school.
(?) : Had May been helping me when they went to school?
(-?) : Hadn't been helping me when they went to school?

(+) : When I came here, he had been listening to the radio.
(-) : When I came here, he hadn't been listening to the radio.
(?) : Had he been listening to the radio, when I came here?
(-?) : Hadn't he been listening to the radio, when I came here?

(+) : You had been sleeping when I did my homework.
(-) : You hadn't been sleeping when I did my homework.
(?) : Had you been sleeping when I did my homework?
(-?) : Hadn't you been sleeping when I did my homework?

Demikian pembahasan hari ini. ini semua aku ambil dari kamus. hehe

Salam,

Ross Shield