Vocabs: Shapes and Part of Body

      Hai, ketemu lagi sama aku. Pada udah tau kan nama aku siapa? Cukup panggil aku Rosil. Hehe

Oh iya hampir lupa nih, hari ini aku bakal update entri terbaru lagi. Pada kangen kan udah sama aku? Hehe

Udah tau kan aku bakal bahas apa? Pasti udah tau dong, kan dari judul udah pada tau.

Yapp, hari ini kita bakal bahas tentang VOCABS: SHAPES AND PART OF  BODY  atau bahasa Indonesianya bentuk-bentul dan bagian-bagian tubuh. Sebelom kita bahas aku mau nyanyi dulu,

“ Dari perut turun ke kaki, dari perut turun ke tangan, dari perut ke kepala, dari perut ke semuanya. ”

“ Kiko-kiko ini jari kelingking, manis-manis ini jari manis, tengkong-tengkong ini jari tengah, tuttt-tutttt jari telunjuh, bimo-bimo ini ibu jari. Semuanya jari tanganku. Oh, senangnya hati ku senangnya. Jari-jariku dapat berdoa. “

Gimana? Udah pada terhibur semua? Hehe. Yuk sekarang kita bahas-bahas dulu materi kali ini. Maaf ya kalo agak garing. hehe

 

Pengertian:

     1.   Shapes

Shapes is all the geometrical information that remains whe location, scale and rotational effect are filtered out from an object.

Contoh:

bangun datar

bangun ruang

2. Parts of Body

Parts of Body is anatomy of the human body. selengkapnya klik disini

 Contoh:

Close up on the foot

Close up on the hand 

 

Berikut pembahasannya:

Aorta: The aorta is located in the left side of the heart. The aorta is the main artery that carries blood from the left side of the heart by its branches. The blood is then carried out to the rest of the body excluding the lungs. You can keep your aorta healthy by not consuming foods which are high in fats. If you eat too much fat every day for a long period of time, your arteries including the aorta will be clogged because of the build up of fats in your heart. Also exercise aids in reducing the fat build up in your heart and aorta.

Bladder: The bladder is an elastic sac located under your kidneys. The bladder stores the urine wastes that escapes the kidneys. The urine stays in the bladder until it is forced out by the body. In order to keep your bladder healthy you must drink water consistently. Drinking water helps to clean your kidneys and remove wastes in the bladder.

Cartilage: The cartilage is a gel-like substance made of collagen. Cartilage is found on the skeleton in places such as on the joints and bones. Cartilage is more flexible and less harder than bones. Cartilage is used to provide and help movement and the bone structure of the skeleton. Cartilage wears down after time because of the joint movement and lack of fluid. To keep your cartilage healthy you need to eat foods high in protein to form the needed cartilage.

Diaphragm: The diaphragm is a muscle located between your chest and abdomen. The diaphragm is used to separate the chest and abdomen cavities. The contraction and relaxing of the diaphragm allows air to enter the body. The diaphragm can be kept healthy by exercising to keep your diaphragm strong. By exercising you can help your diaphragm perform its oxygen exchange.

Esophagus: The esophagus is a long tube which is surrounded by muscle. The esophagus connects the pharynx with the stomach and by contracting, the esophagus helps to push food down into your stomach. The esophagus is weakened when acid is pushed up the esophagus. To help your esophagus to be healthy you should eat foods which are less spicy and low in fat. By eating these kinds of food you can help prevent acid reflux and heartburn which pushes acid up into your esophagus.

Femur: The femur is the strongest bone in your body. The femur is your thigh bone and forms part of the hip and knee. The head of the femur forms a ball and socket joint forms a ball and socket joint at the hip. The femur can be kept healthy by eating vitamin D and calcium.

Gallbladder: The gallbladder is connected to the liver and duodenum through the biliary tract. The gallbladder collects and stores bile from food that contains fat and enters the digestive tract. The bile is further concentrated after it has left the liver. The gallbladder can be kept healthy by not eating food high in cholesterol and fat. Gallstones which are created by cholesterol blocks the bile duct leading into the gallbladder.

Hair: Hair is found on the skin of the body. Hair is an outgrowth of dead skin cells. Hair is made up of a protein called keratin which is are polymers of amino acids. Hair can be kept healthy by eating protein. Also applying oils to your hair can prevent your hair from becoming dry and brittle.

Intestines: There are two are two types of intestines, the small intestine and the large intestine. The intestines are part of the digestive tract. They are found between the stomach and the anus. The intestines aid in removing waste and contain bacteria that helps break down molecules that the human body could not break down. Intestines can be kept healthy by eating fiber and drinking water so that food can move through them and the water can cleanse them. If wastes are not able to pass through the intestines smoothly, then toxins can come from them and the wastes become harder to push out.

Joints: The joints are found in the skeleton. They are in between bones in order to connect them. Joints can also allow movement to some parts of the skeleton. Joints are made of cartilage and to keep them healthy foods high in protein must be eaten. When joints have lack of cartilage they begin to loose their lubrication and wear out the bones.

Kidneys: The kidneys are bean shaped organs which are found in the posterior part of the abdomen. The kidneys are excretory organs. They filter wastes from the blood and excrete them. Kidneys are part of the urinary system and need water to cleanse the wastes. In order to keep your kidneys healthy you must drink water to create urine from the wastes filtered in the blood.

Liver: The liver is found on the right side of your stomach. The liver produces bile which is important to digestion. It is the largest gland in your body and removes toxins from your body. To keep your liver healthy you must drink plenty of water to clear out your liver and keep from eating foods high in toxins.

Muscles: Muscles are made up of tightly packed cells and tissue. There are three types of muscle which are cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle. The muscles are found on your body based on what kind of muscle it is. Your muscles need protein to stay healthy and exercise.

Nervous system: The nervous system includes you brain and spinal cord along with the network of nerves. The nervous system is the place where information is sent throughout your body through the network of nerves. Your brain gives out messages in the form of electric waves that travel down the spinal cord. In order to keep a healthy nervous system you should avoid back injury and eat foods high in nutrition for the brain to function properly.

Pancreas:The pancreas is an organ in the digestive and endocrine system. The pancreas produces pancreatic juice which contain digestive enzymes. The pancreas is located near the stomach. To keep the pancreas healthy you should not consume alcohol because this will cause the pancreas to produce more pancreatic enzymes.

Rectum: The rectum is part of the intestines. It is at the end right by the anus. The rectum empties the stool out from your body. To keep the rectum healthy you must drink plenty of water and eat foods high in fiber.

Stomach: The stomach is located in under your ribcage. The stomach is a bag-like organ that relaxes and contracts to breakdown food. The stomach also produces hydrochloric acid which helps to break food down. To keep your stomach healthy you shouldn't eat and foods with strong acids. Also, if you should eat fresh food and cooked food unless you'll suffer food poisoning.

Trachea: The trachea is a windpipe that allows air to move into the lungs. The trachea is located right under the larynx. It is an extension of the larynx and there is an epiglottis flap to prevent choking. To keep your trachea healthy you should not smoke. Smoking can damage your trachea.

Uvula:The uvula is course the little piece of flesh that hangs down in the back of your throat. The uvula comes in various shapes and sizes. The uvula serves no real purpose just like the appendix. However, infection in the uvula can occur. The uvula can be kept healthy by rinsing and gargling your mouth with water to wash out excess food that may be stuck on your uvula.

Contoh Dialog: 

It's Monday morning and Mr Smith has gone to see the doctor. 

Doctor: Hello Mr Smith. We haven't seen you in a while. What seems to be the problem?

Mr Smith: Well, I fell off the ladder whilst I was decorating and hurt my ankle. Its welled up and hasn't gone down since.

 Doctor: OK - let's have a look, take off your shoe and sock and roll up your trouser leg.(Examines ankle) Ah yes, I think we had better send you to the hospital to get this X-rayed. You may have broken a bone. 

Mr Smith: What? You're joking! No wonder it hurts so much.

 

 Selain itu melalui topik ini kita juga bisa melalukan games loh. Nih sekilas infonya:

Student A

In the time limit your teacher tells you, try to describe as many of the gestures below as you can to your partner. When they do the gesture and guess the meaning, you can move onto the next gesture. You can only describe the gesture to your partner and correct them if they make the same gesture, you cannot move your hands yourself. 

Point your first finger towards your chest (I/ me- most places)

Hold up your first two fingers in a V shape, with your palm facing the other person (two, peace, victory)

Put the palm of your open hand on your heart (I promise/ I am touched= I feel moved)

Hold your thumb and first finger at the edge of your mouth and pull it across your lips as if you are zipping it shout (Shut up! = be quiet- UK etc.)

Put your index finger near the side of your head and twist it round (crazy- Europe and the Americas)

Hold up ten fingers and fold the fingers down one by one (10, 9, 8 etc- most places; 1, 2, 3 etc- Japan)

Tap something wooden with your knuckles (I hope- Britain)

Make a cutting gesture with an open hand across your throat, with your palm facing down (Dead- most places; stop (talking), for example when giving a presentation- US etc; fired from your job- Japan)

With your first finger, pretend you are drawing a cross on your ribs more or less where your heart is (cross my heart= I promise- UK etc.)

Hold out your first two fingers and your thumb and rub them together (money- many places)

Point your thumb to the floor with your fingers folded into your palm(bad-most places; go to hell- Japan)

Touch the end of your nose with the end of your thumb, open your hand and move your fingers up and down like you are playing a trumpet (a childish insult- Europe and America)

Hold out the index fingers of both hands and then touch the length of the two index fingers together (they are a couple- Turkey etc.)

Tip your head to the left and draw air into your mouth through your teeth, making a hiss (not sure- Japan)

Make an L shape with your thumb and first finger and put it on your forehead (you are a loser- US)

Put both hands around your throat, open your mouth and stick out your tongue (choking/ you choked= you failed badly, maybe because of being nervous- USA)

Put your index finger along the side of your nose, pointing up, and then tap the side of your nose three times (Don’t be nosy= Mind your own business= It’s my private business- UK)

Pull down the bottom eyelid of your left eye with your left index finger. (Be careful- France)

Roll your eyes around (Oh my god= Not again! = I can’t believe it-America etc.)

Put an open hand under your chin with the tops of your fingers touching your chin and your fingers pointing towards your throat. Pull your hand out away from your neck and towards the person you are speaking to (I don’t care- Italian)

Student B

In the time limit your teacher tells you, try to describe as many of the gestures below as you can to your partner. When they do the gesture and guess the meaning, you can move onto the next gesture. You can only describe the gesture to your partner and correct them if they make the same gesture, you cannot move your hands yourself.

Look at someone and raise your eyebrows (Hello- almost all countries, No- Turkey, I like you- Japan)

Hold up your thumb with the rest of your hand closed (OK-USA etc, very bad insult- many other places)

Put your palms together and bow (Hello-Thailand, Sorry-many places, especially in Asia)

Put your first finger on the side of your head and tap your head a few times (Mad, you should think about it/ remember)

Hold up your right hand vertically and put your open left hand over the top horizontally to make a T sign (Time out= let’s take a break- USA and now many other places)

Move both hands as if they are mouths (You are talking a lot about nothing- UK and USA)

Hold up an open hand and make a circle from your first finger and thumb (Okay- USA and now many other places, you are gay- Turkey etc.)

Hold up only your thumb and little finger and point your thumb towards your mouth (Drinking= drunk- Australia etc.)

Hold out your hand in front of you with your palm facing down. Twist your hand from the wrist from side to side like you are screwing something (So-so= not bad- many countries)

Hold up only your thumb and little finger (6- China)

Point your index finger towards your nose (I/ me- Japan, nose- most other places)

Touch your finger tips with your thumb and kiss the ends of your thumb and fingers (Delicious- Italy and now other places)

Flick back your head and raise your eyebrows (No- Turkey, Greece etc)

Hold up only your little finger (Woman- Japan)

Hold up your fingers and thumb with them all touching, then move your fingers and thumb in and out (It’s very crowded in here= There are many people= It’s full- Spain and most of Latin America)

Breathe on the end of your fingers (Be quiet- Saudi Arabia)

Clap your hands very slowly (Sarcastic applause= That was very bad- UK and USA etc.)

Cross your first two fingers, so that your middle finger is over your index finger. (I hope/ I wish-UK etc.)

With the thumb and first fingers of both hands pointing up in V shapes, join the thumbs to make a the shape of the letter W towards the person you are speaking to (‘Whatever!’= I don’t care- America and now young people in UK)

Breathe on the end of your fingers then polish your fingernails on your shirt (I did a very good job= congratulations to me= I am proud of myself- UK)

sumber:

http://sharralisa.blogspot.com/2011/02/vocabs.html?showComment=1337086346331#c8934466350175761527

http://www.eslgold.com/vocabulary/shapes.html
http://www.learnenglish.de/vocabulary/body.htm 
http://www.tefl.net/alexcase/worksheets/efl-cultural-training/gestures/body-gestures-culture/

http://voices.yahoo.com/definitions-parts-human-body-205508.html

Sampai disini dulu ya pertemuan kita kali ini, semoga bisa berguna buat kita semua.

salam,

Ross Shield