PASSIVE VOICE

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Hari ini aku juga bakal bahas tentang Passive Voice atau kalimat pasif.

Mengapa mesti ada passive voice and active voice?

Hmm, untuk sekarang aku juga masih nyari jawabannya. 

 Tapi menurut aku, emang wajar sih ada active voice and passive voise, sebab kadang-kadang pernyataan di pasif lebih sopan daripada suara aktif, 

contonya: A mistake was made.

Dalam hal ini, ane fokus pada fakta bahwa kesalahan itu dibuat, tapi ane gak nyalahin siapa pun (misalnya ente udah ngelakuin kesalahan.).

Daripada kalian pusing dengerin bacot-bacotku mending simak pembahasan di bawah ini

Berikut penjelasan lengkapnya.

# PENJELASAN 1 :

A. ACTIVE VOICE
Active voice adalah kalimat yang subjeknya melakukan pekerjaan. Kata kerjanya berawalan ME- dan BER-.

B. PASSIVE VOIC
  Passive voice adalah kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai pekerjaan. Kata kerjanya berawalan DI- dan TER-. Kalimat yang dapat dipasifkan adalah kalimat yang kata kerjanya TRANSITIF. Jika kata kerjanya INTRANSITIF maka kalimat itu tidak dapat dipasifkan. Pada Passive Voice semua kata kerjanya bentuk ketiga (Verb III) atau Past Pasticiple. Kalimat yang tidak memiliki predikat kata kerja tidak dapat dipasifkan (kata kerja intransitif).

Jika Anda ingin menggunakan kata kerja intransitif dalam suara pasif, Anda memerlukan konstruksi impersonal - karena itu pasif ini disebut pasif impersonal.

Pasif impersonal tidak begitu umum dalam bahasa Inggris seperti di beberapa bahasa lain (misalnya Jerman, Latin). Dalam bahasa Inggris, Pasif impersonal hanya mungkin dengan verba persepsi (misalnya say, think, know).
Meskipun Impersonal Passive adalah mungkin di sini, adalah Personal Passive lebih umum.

 Kadang-kadang Personal Passive istilah digunakan dalam pelajaran bahasa Inggris jika objek tidak langsung dari kalimat aktif menjadi subjek kalimat pasif.

Dalam bahasa Inggris, Passive Voice dipakai bila kalimat itu lebih sesuai (cocok) yang menitikberatkan barang itu dilakukan daripada pelaku tindakan itu atau bila pelakunya tidak diketahui. Pada kalimat Passive Voice alat atau pelaku dari tindakan sangat sering tidak disebutkan. 
 

C. PERBEDAAN
Perbedaan antara Passive Voice dan Active Voice adalah
1. Subjek pada kalimat aktif menjadi Objek pada kalimat pasif.
2. Objek pada kalimat aktif menjadi Subjek pada kalimat pasif. 

# PEMBAHASAN:

PASSIVE VOICE
1. SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
RUMUS:
S + to be (is/am/are) + Verb III + by + O
Contoh:
a. AKTIF : I take a book today.
PASIF : A book is taken by me to day.
b. AKTIF : A cat catchs a mouse.
PASIF : A mouse is cought by a cat.
c. AKTIF : He meets us every week.
PASIF : We are meet by him every week.
d. AKTIF : The maid opens the window.
PASIF : The window is opened by the maid.
e. AKTIF : The boy beats the dog.
PASIF : The dog is beaten by the boy.

2. SIMPLE PAST TENSE
RUMUS :
S + Was/Were + Verb III + by + O
Contoh:
a. AKTIF : We enjoyed a nice dinner.
PASIF : A nice dinner was enjoyed by us.
b. AKTIF : The boy beat a dog yesterday.
PASIF : A dog was beaten by the dog yesterday.
c. AKTIF : Ella and Faris ate mangoes.
PASIF : Mangoes were eaten by Ella and Faris.
d. AKTIF : A thief stolen my money.
PASIF : My money was stolen by a thief.
e. AKTIF : My mother kept my my book.
PASIF : My book was kept by mother.

3. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
RUMUS:
S + Shall/Will + be + Verb III + by + O
Contoh:
a. AKTIF : We shall visit our uncle tomorrow.
PASIF: Our uncle will be visited by us tomorrow.
b. AKTIF: She will cook some cakes.
PASIF : Some cakes will be cooked byu her.
c. AKTIF : She will write a letter.
PASIF : A letter will be written by her.
d. AKTIF : Father will send me letter.
PASIF : I shall send by father letter.
e. AKTIF : he will thread us kindly.
PASIF : We shall be threaten by him kindly.

4. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
RUMUS:
S + is/am/are + being + Verb III + by + O
Contoh:
a. AKTIF : I'm testing him now.
PASIF: He is being tested by me now.
b. AKTIF : We are discussing the lesson.
PASIF : This lesson is being discussed by us.
c. AKTIF : You are listening to the radio.
PASIF : The radio is being listened by you.
d. AKTIF : Budi is finishing the job.
PASIF : The job is being finished by Budi.
e. AKTIF : She is wearing the cycle.
PASIF : The cycle is being worn by her.

5. PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
RUMUS:
S + Was/Were + being + Verb III + by + O
Contoh:
a. AKTIF : I was listening the radio yesterday.
PASIF : The radio was being listened by me yesterday.
b. AKTIF : They were bringing mu bag yesterday.
PASIF : My bag was being brought by them yesterday.
c. AKTIF : She was making cake last night.
PASIF : Cake was being made by her last night.
d. AKTIF : He was attending a meeting yesterday.
PASIF : A meeting was being attended by him yesterday.
e. AKTIF : Anto was given him a book.
PASIF : He was being given by Anto a book.

6. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
RUMUS:
S + Shall/Will + be + being + Verb III + by + O
Contoh:
a. AKTIF : The leader will be leading the caremony.
PASIF : The caremony will be being leaded by the leader.
b. AKTIF : We shall be showing football match.
PASIF : Football match will be being shown by us.
c. AKTIF : I shall be washing the cycle.
PASIF : The cycle will be washed by me.
d. AKTIF : She will be helping her mother.
PASIF : Her mother will be being helped by her.
e. AKTIF : Yantia will be seeing me tomorrow.
PASIF : I shall be being seen by Yantia tomorrow.

7. PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
RUMUS:
S + have/has + been + Verb III + by + O
Contoh:
a. AKTIF : I have bought much food just now.

S + have/has + been + Verb III + by + O
Contoh:
a. AKTIF : I have bought much food just now.
PASIF : Much food have been bought by me just now.
b. AKTIF : You have missed the chance.
PASIF : The chance have been mussed by you.
c. AKTIF : She has done it well just now.
PASIF : It has been done by her well just now.
d. AKTIF : We have visited our uncle.

PASIF : Our uncle has been visited by us.
e. AKTIF : He has written by him soon.
PASIF : A letter has written by him soon.

8. PAST PERFECT TENSE
RUMUS:
S + Had + Been + Verb III + By + O
Contoh:
a. AKTIF : I had sold the magazine yesterday.
PASIF : The magazine had been sold by me yesterday.
b. AKTIF : Some body had invited me to lunch.
PASIF : I had been invited by somebody to lunch.
c. AKTIF : He had tought them yesterday.
PASIF : They had been tought by him yesterday.
d. AKTIF : Mother had taken my letter.
PASIF : My letter had been taken by mother.
e. AKTIF : Our teacher had punished us yesterday.
PASIF : We had been punished by our teacher yesterday.

9. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
RUMUS:
S + Shall/Will + have + been + Verb III + by + O
Contoh:
a. AKTIF: I shall have finished the job tomorrow.
PASIF: The job will have been finished by me tomorrow.
b. AKTIF: We shall have me them tomorrow.
PASIF: They will have been by us tomorrow.
c. AKTIF: She will have found her ring.
PASIF: Her ring will have been found by her.
d. AKTIF: You will have given him a book.
PASIF: He will have been given by you a book.
e. AKTIF: My friend will have built a house.
PASIF: A house will have been built by my friend.

Apabila kalimat aktif memakai dua objek maka pasifnya boleh dua kali.
Contoh:
1. I give him a book.
a. He is given a book by me.
b. A book is given to him by me.
2. She will bring a dictionary to me.
a. A dictionary will be brought by her to me.
b. I shall be brought by her a dictionary.
3. Apri bought the pen to you.
a. The pen was bought to you by Apri.
b. You were bought the pen by Apri.

# PENJELASAN 2: 

A. By

Untuk menyatakan apa penyebab sebuah tindakan pasif, kita bisa menggunakan by. Contoh:

• This photo was taken by my friend.
• I was given this by my brother.

Seringkali tidak diperlukan untuk menyatakan penyebab tindakan pasif, khususnya jika dipahami dengan jelas atau tidak relevan. Sebagai contoh:

• The meeting was cancelled (pertemuan itu dibatalkan). (Informasi penting yang ingin disampaikan adalah pembatalan pertemuan, bukan siapa yang membatalkannya.)

• These boots were made in Italy (sepatu-sepatu boot ini dibuat di Italia). (Informasi yang penting dalam kalimat ini adalah bahwa sepatu-sepatu tersebut dibuat di Italia, bukan siapa yang membuatnya).

B. Born

Ketika berbicara tentang kelahiran orang tertentu atau suatu peristiwa, kita menggunakan bentuk pasif “to be born”. Contoh:

• I was born in Iran.
• The twins were born just last year.

C. Get

Get bisa digunakan menggantikan to be pada situasi dimana sesuatu terjadi. Contoh:

       - Our flight got cancelled = Our flight was cancelled.
       - I got paid today = I was paid today.

Get tidak bisa digunakan pada situasi-situasi umum dan apabila bersama dengan kata kerja yang menyatakan keadaan (bukan tindakan). Contoh:

       - He is liked by a lot of people. - Benar
       - He gets liked by a lot of people. - Tidak benar
       - She is known to be a hard-working employee. - Benar
       - She gets known to be a hard-working employee.- Tidak benar

Get digunakan lebih sering dalam bahasa Inggris informal.

sumber:

http://www.michellehenry.fr/passif.htm

http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/passive3a.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_passive_voice

http://englishonline.blogdetik.com/2009/08/18/passive-voice/

http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive

http://www.1-language.com/englishcourse/unit58_grammar.htm

dan sebagian lagi aku ambil dari kamus bahasa inggris 

Sekian dulu ya pembahasan kita hari ini, sampe jumpa di lain waktu. ane juga lagi ngumpulin projeknya buat lebih lengkap lagi nih catatan nya. 

Aku ucapin makasih buat semua yang udah mau baca catatan aku ini :)

Bye :)

Best Regard,
Ross Shield ^-^

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